Kar board 9th social science 26 chapter

CHAPTER – 26: COMMUNITY

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Community means a group of people living in a specific area and leading a common, social life.

2. The cornerstone of Indian society is the Rural community.

3. The tribes of the eastern region belong to the Mongolian race.

II. Answer the following questions.

4. What is meant by a ‘city’?

Answer :- A city is a permanent settlement characterized by a high population density and a wide variety of social strata.

5. What does industrialisation suggest?

Answer :- Industrialisation suggests the large-scale development and expansion of the manufacturing industry within an economy.

6. Explain the term ‘village’.

Answer :- A village is a group of people leading a relatively simple life within a defined, limited geographical area.

7. How does anthropology define ‘tribe’?

Answer :- Anthropology defines a tribe as a group, usually restricted to a specific geographical area, that possesses its own language, cultural harmony, and distinct social organization.

8. Explain the features of a city.

• Social diversity across different groups and backgrounds.
• Anonymity among residents due to large populations.
• Increased social movement and migration.
• Greater emphasis on individualism, materialistic comforts, and personal privacy.
• Development of various formal associations and unions.
• Prevalence of smaller, nuclear family structures.
• Fast-paced social reforms and modernization.

9. List out the features of a rural community.

• Small community size with close-knit social bonds.
• Harmonious interpersonal relationships and social unity.
• Informal systems of social control.
• Prominence of undivided (joint) families and agricultural practices.
• Strong influence of nature and the immediate neighborhood.
• Simplicity in lifestyle with deep religious involvement and traditional opinions.
• Presence of caste systems, alongside challenges like illiteracy and poverty.

10. What are the problems of rural communities?

• Persistent agricultural challenges.
• Issues related to the decline or lack of support for cottage industries.
• High rates of illiteracy, poverty, and unemployment.
• Lack of access to adequate health facilities.
• Deficiencies in basic civic amenities.

11. Identify the unique features of tribal communities.

• Residing within a common, defined geographical area.
• Composed of a cluster of inter-related families.
• Usage of a common language, religion, and culture.
• Self-contained and simple nature.
• Strong sense of group identity and unity.
• Often characterized by high levels of illiteracy.

12. How are the Indian tribes classified?

Indian tribes are geographically classified into four groups:

• Tribals of the North-East region.
• Tribals of the Central region.
• The Southern tribes.
• Tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.