Kar board 9th social science 2 chapter

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                       CHAPTER – 2

          INDIA FROM 6TH TO 14TH                              CENTURY

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. The founder of Gurjara-Pratihara Rajput dynasty was Harichandra

Ans :- Harichandra was the original founder of the Gurjara-Pratihara Rajput dynasty.

2. Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Mohammed Ghori in the first battle of Terrain.                          Ans:- In the first battle of Tarain, Prithviraj Chauhan was victorious against Mohammed Ghori.

3. The chief commander of Mohammad Ghori was Qutubuddin Aibak

Ans :- Qutubuddin Aibak served as the primary commander for Mohammad Ghori.

4. The first woman to rule among the Delhi Sultans was Razia Begum

Ans :- Razia Begum became the first woman to ascend the throne of the Delhi Sultanate.

5. The famous Sultan of the Khilji dynasty was Allauddin Khilji

Ans :- Allauddin Khilji was the most prominent and powerful Sultan of the Khilji dynasty.

6. The capital was shifted from Delhi to Devagiri during the rule of the Tughlaq.

 :- During the Tughlaq dynasty, the capital city was moved from Delhi to Devagiri.

II. Answer the following questions.

7. Explain the contributions of the Rajput kings in the field of literature.

 :-

  • Rajput kings were great patrons of art and literature, encouraging many scholars.
  • Rulers like Bhoja and Munja were famous scholars themselves.
  • Important poetic works include ‘Gita Govinda’ by Jayadeva, ‘Kiratarjuniya’ by Bharavi, ‘Ravanavadha’ by Bharthrahari, and ‘Kavyameemamsa’ by Mahendrapala.
  • Significant dramas like ‘Balaramayana’ and ‘Karpuramanjari’ were written by Rajasekhara.
  • Bhavabhuti wrote ‘Mahavira Charita’ and ‘Uttara Ramacharita’.
  • Key historical works include Kalhana’s ‘Rajatarangini’, Jayanika’s ‘Prithvirajavijaya’, and Hemachandra’s ‘Kumarapalacharita’.
  • Chand Bardai authored the famous ‘Prithvirajaraso’, while Ballala wrote ‘Bhoja prabandha’.
  • This era saw the rapid growth of Hindi, Rajasthani, and Gujarati languages.

8. Who was the important king of Karkota dynasty of Kashmir? How he expanded his Empire?

 :-

  • Lalithaditya Muktapeeda was the most illustrious king of the Karkota dynasty.
  • Known for his bravery and ambition, he successfully defeated Yashovarma of Kanauj.
  • He established control over Kabul after defeating the Shahi dynasty.
  • He used diplomacy to maintain good relations with kings of the Vindhyachal region and the Rashtrakutas.
  • His empire's influence reached as far east as Bengal.
  • With support from the Tang kings of China, he defeated the Tibetans and liberated North-West Indian territories.
  • He expanded his kingdom toward Central Asia, reaching parts of modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan.

9. Describe in brief the administrative system under Iltamush.

 :-

  • Iltamush organized his kingdom into various provinces known as ‘Ikta’.
  • He appointed provincial officers called ‘Iktadars’ to manage the administration.
  • A group of 40 influential nobles (Sardars) was created to advise him on administration and legal matters.
  • The Sultan was also guided by his Prime Minister and judicial experts.

10. What are the administrative reforms of Allauddin Khilji?

Ans :-

  • He abolished religious grants, land gifts (inams), and all subsidies.
  • An efficient intelligence network was set up to monitor the kingdom.
  • He banned the consumption of alcohol, drugs, and all forms of gambling.
  • Social gatherings and marriages among his lieutenants required strict approval to prevent conspiracies.
  • He instructed his officials to collect heavy taxes from the people to fund his military.

11. What are the administrative reforms brought in practice by Mohammad bin Tughlaq?

Ans :-

  • Revenue reforms: Introduced rigorous tax collection and land record updates.
  • Shifting of Capital: Moved the capital from Delhi to Devagiri (Daulatabad) to control South India better.
  • Symbolic Currency: Introduced token copper coins to replace gold and silver coins.
  • Deccan Policy: Formulated military and political strategies to dominate the southern peninsula.

12. Illustrate the contributions of the Delhi Sultans to art and architecture with examples.

Ans :-

  • The Delhi Sultans introduced the ‘Indo-Islamic’ style, combining Indian and Persian elements.
  • Key features of this style include the use of arches, domes, and tall minarets.
  • They built many mosques, forts, palaces, madrasas (schools), and rest houses.
  • Famous examples are the Qutub Minar, Alai Darwaja, Kuwat-ul-Islam Mosque, and Jamait Khana Mosque in Delhi.

13. What was the result of the First Battle of Panipat?

Ans :- In 1526, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat, which marked the end of the Delhi Sultanate and the beginning of the Mughal Rule in India.

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