Kar board 9th social science 1 chapter

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          HISTORY 

          WESTERN RELIGIONS

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Progenitor of Judaism is Abraham or Ebrahim   Ans:- Abraham (Ebrahim) is considered the progenitor of Judaism.

2. The founder of Zoroastrianism Zarathustra

Ans :- Zarathustra is the founder of Zoroastrianism.

3. The birthplace of Jesus Christ is Bethlehem     Ans:- Jesus Christ was born in Bethlehem.

4. Christ was crucified on the hillock Golgotha

Ans :- Jesus Christ was crucified on the hill of Golgotha.

5. Christianity became the state religion of Rome during the period of Emperor Constantine

Ans :- During the reign of Emperor Constantine, Christianity became the official state religion of Rome.

6. Muhammed Paigambar was born at Mecca

Ans :- Prophet Muhammed was born in the city of Mecca.

7. The Holy book of Islam is Quran

Ans :- The Quran is the holy scripture of Islam.

8. The successors of Muhammed Paigambar are known as Khalifs

Ans :- The successors of Prophet Muhammed are called Khalifs.

II. Answer the following questions by discussing with your friends.

9. List out the 10 rules of Judaism.

Ans :-

  • Do not have any other God except ‘Yahweh’.
  • Do not worship Idols.
  • Do not disrespect or misuse God’s name.
  • Remember ‘Sabbath’ as the Holy day.
  • Honour your mother and father.
  • Adultery is not acceptable.
  • Do not commit murder.
  • Do not steal.
  • Do not tell lies.
  • Do not be envious.

10. Zoroastrianism is more similar to the Vedic rituals and practices. Justify.

Ans :-

  • The Parsi religion shares many similarities with Vedic rituals and traditions.
  • For instance, both believe that good will eventually triumph over evil, and both practice Sun worship.
  • Their Holy book, ‘Zend Avestha’, contains hymns known as ‘Gatha’.
  • The worship rituals are called ‘Yashna’.
  • Notably, these terms have roots in the Sanskrit language.

11. Write about life of Jesus Christ.

Ans :-

  • Jesus was born in Bethlehem, located near Jerusalem in the province of Judea.
  • He was the son of Joseph and Mary, a humble couple.
  • There is limited information regarding his early years.
  • Jesus was proficient in Aramaic and Semitic languages.
  • During his time, the Jewish people were waiting for a Messiah to save them from hardships.
  • A preacher named John had foretold the arrival of this Messiah.
  • John performed baptisms for the people who came to him.
  • Jesus was also baptised by John, who then declared him the Messiah.
  • Jesus began his mission at the age of 30.

12. List the teachings of Jesus Christ.

Ans :-

  • There is only one God, who is merciful and the creator of everything.
  • Everyone should treat others with a sense of brotherhood.
  • Loving those in distress is considered a form of worshipping God.
  • One should serve others selflessly without expecting rewards.
  • Service to humanity is equivalent to the worship of God.
  • God will forgive those who truly repent for their mistakes.
  • Love your enemies and do good to those who try to harm you.

13. How was Christianity spread?

Ans :-

  • After Jesus was crucified, his followers faced severe torture and some were even executed.
  • However, Christianity was eventually adopted as the State Religion during the reign of Emperor Constantine.
  • Following this, the religion spread across Europe.
  • Today, Christian churches and followers are found all over the world.

14. Write a note on the life of Muhammed, the Prophet.

Ans :-

  • Prophet Muhammed is the founder of Islam.
  • He was born in Mecca in the year 570 to parents Abdulla and Ameena.
  • His father passed away before his birth, and he lost his mother at the age of six.
  • He was raised by his uncle, who was a merchant.
  • Muhammed traveled extensively for trade with his uncle.
  • Later, he worked for a wealthy widow in Mecca and eventually married her.
  • The couple had two sons and four daughters.

15. What is ‘Hijra’?

Ans :-

  • When the traditional community in Mecca began to oppose his teachings, Prophet Muhammed could no longer preach there.
  • In 622, he traveled from Mecca to Medina.
  • This historic journey is famously known as ‘Hijra’.

16. What are the rules (rituals) of Islam?

Ans :-

  • Kalima: Faith in Allah alone and that Muhammed is His Prophet.
  • Namaz: Offering prayers to Allah five times every day.
  • Roza: Fasting during the holy month of Ramzan.
  • Zakat: Donating a specific portion of one's income to the poor.
  • Haj: Making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime.

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