POLITICAL SCIENCE CHAPTER – 6: THE UNION GOVERNMENT
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
1. India has a Parliamentary form of government.
Answer :- India follows a Parliamentary system of government.
2. The Union Legislature is called The Parliament
Answer :- The legislative body of the Union is known as the Parliament.
3. The Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is the Vice-President
Answer :- The Vice-President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
4. One has to complete 25 years to become a member of the Lok Sabha.
Answer :- A person must be at least 25 years old to qualify as a member of the Lok Sabha.
5. The Commander-in-Chief of the three-Armed Forces is the President
Answer :- The President of India holds the position of Supreme Commander of the three armed forces.
6. The process for electing the President is explained under Articles 54 and 55 of the Constitution.
Answer :- The procedure for the Presidential election is detailed in Articles 54 and 55 of the Constitution.
7. The Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission is appointed by The President
Answer :- The President is responsible for appointing the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
II. Discuss in group and answer the following questions.
8. Name the two Houses of the Parliament.
Answer :- The two houses are the Rajya Sabha, known as the Upper House, and the Lok Sabha, known as the Lower House.
9. Explain the composition of the Rajya Sabha.
Answer :-
- The Rajya Sabha has a total capacity of 250 members.
- Out of these, 238 members are elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies and Union Territories.
- The remaining 12 members are nominated by the President from among experts in fields such as literature, science, art, and social service.
- Due to the presence of experienced members, it is often called the House of Elders.
10. What are the qualifications needed to become a member of the Lok Sabha?
Answer :-
- The person must be a citizen of India.
- The candidate must be at least 25 years of age.
- They should not hold any office of profit under the Government.
- They must not have been convicted or punished under law.
- The person should not be a declared bankrupt or of unsound mind.
- They must meet any other qualifications set by the Parliament from time to time.
11. Explain the election process for the post of President.
Answer :-
- As per Articles 54 and 55, the President is elected indirectly.
- The election is conducted by an Electoral College.
- This Electoral College includes the elected members of both the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.
- It also includes the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of all States, as well as those of New Delhi and Pondicherry.
12. List out the powers and functions of the Prime Minister.
Answer :-
- The Prime Minister recommends individuals to the President for appointment as Ministers.
- He allocates various portfolios (departments) to the members of the Council of Ministers.
- He has the final authority in deciding or changing the allocation of these portfolios.
- He can ask for the resignation of or remove ministers who are controversial or accused of misconduct.
- As the Head of the Government and the Union Cabinet, he leads the nation's administration.
- He has the authority to advise the President to dissolve the Lok Sabha.
13. Explain the composition of the Union Cabinet and its responsibilities.
Answer :-
- Following the 91st Amendment, the size of the Union Cabinet is limited to 15% of the total strength of the Lok Sabha, including the Prime Minister.
- Individual Responsibility: Each minister is personally accountable for the performance and failures of their specific department.
- Collective Responsibility: The entire Council of Ministers is collectively answerable to the Lok Sabha for its policies and decisions.
- The Council of Ministers stays in power only as long as it enjoys the confidence of the Parliament.
- The Lok Sabha can dismiss the cabinet by passing a 'no-confidence motion'.
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