kar board 9th social science 8 chapter

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POLITICAL SCIENCE CHAPTER – 8: THE JUDICIARY

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. The Supreme Court came into existence on January 28, 1950

Answer :- The Supreme Court of India was officially established on January 28, 1950.

2. The number of writs that can be issued under Article 32 of the constitution is Five

Answer :- Under Article 32, the Supreme Court has the authority to issue five types of writs.

3. Criminal courts came into existence on 1st April, 1974

Answer :- The current system of Criminal courts was implemented on April 1, 1974.

4. The lowest Revenue court is the Tahsildar Court

Answer :- The Tahsildar Court is the primary and lowest level of the Revenue court system.

II. Answer the following questions.

5. How are the judges of the Supreme Court appointed and What are their qualifications?

Answer :-

  • The Chief Justice and all other judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India.
  • Currently, the Supreme Court consists of 34 judges, including the Chief Justice.
Qualifications of a Supreme Court judge:
  • The individual must be a citizen of India.
  • They must have served as a High Court Judge for a minimum of 5 years.
  • Alternatively, they should have worked as an advocate in a High Court for at least 10 years.
  • They should be recognized as a distinguished jurist in the opinion of the President.

6. What are the functions of the High Court?

Answer :-

  • Original Jurisdiction: It settles disputes regarding marriage (matrimonial), death certificates, and contempt of court.
  • Appellate Jurisdiction: It hears and decides on appeals against the judgments delivered by subordinate courts.
  • Supervisory Power: It oversees the cases and records of subordinate courts within its jurisdiction and ensures they follow specific rules.
  • Administrative and Rights Protection: It manages staff recruitment, protects fundamental rights by issuing writ petitions, and ensures the delivery of justice.

7. Which are the subordinate courts under the Civil Courts?

Answer :-

  1. Court of Subordinate Judges
  2. Court of Additional Subordinate Judges
  3. Court of Munsiff
  4. Court of Additional Munsiffs

8. What was the purpose of establishing Lok Adalats? When did they come into existence?

Answer :-

  • Standard legal procedures in India are often expensive and take a long time to resolve.
  • To address this, the Government established alternative legal institutions that are faster and more affordable.
  • These institutions, including the Lok Adalat, came into existence in 1985.
  • The main purpose of Lok Adalats is to settle cases through mutual agreement and amicable compromise between the involved parties.

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